" The Princess Marguerite's emblem was a marigold
or heliotrope; others assigned her the daisy. Her motto: "Non inferiora
secutus." The well-known emblem of Francis was a salamander--why, is a
mystery--with the motto, "Nutrisco et extinguo." All this entered into
the taste of the illuminator, and elegant cartouche frames--probably of
Dutch origin, as we see in the old map-books of Ortelius Cluverius and
Bleau, imported by Ortelius and his friends into Italy, and made use of
by Clovis, and thence transferred to France--were made into
border-frames for miniatures, varied with altar-forms, doorways, and
other fanciful frameworks from the new architecture decorated with
flowers, ribbons, panels, mottoes. Another new thing, too, no doubt
afforded plenty of suggestion to the illuminator. This was stained
glass. Jean Cousin was in his glory in glass-painting; Robert Pinagrier
also. But it was Cousin who adopted the new Italian ideas, and whose
works were models for the illuminator. In the backgrounds and details of
his glass-paintings at Sens, Fleurigny, Paris, and elsewhere, we may
trace his progress; and an excellent model, too, was Jean Cousin. He has
other claims to remembrance in sculpture, engraving, authorship, but it
is as the glass-painter that his influence is seen in illumination.
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