But there is another
of these original manuals to which we must call attention, as especially
dealing with the practice of monastic artists in the twelfth and
following centuries.
The one to which we now refer is quite distinct from the Greek Manual
which we just mentioned, and by way of contrast may be called the Latin
Manual as being originally composed in that language. Moreover, as the
Greek Manual formed the guide and _vade mecum_ of all the painters of
the Greek Church, so this Latin one became the indispensable monitor in
all Latin foundations. Its origin was German, and said to be the
compilation of a Benedictine monk who is variously spoken of as
Rutgerius, Rugerius, Rotkerius, etc., and assigned by different editors
and critics to either the eleventh, twelfth, or thirteenth centuries.
Probably we shall not be far wrong in placing him about the middle of
the twelfth. The treatise is known as _Diversarum Artium Schedula_, and
the compiler of it calls himself simply _Theophilus presbiter humilis_,
which, of course, records nothing but his personal modesty.
It was at first attributed to Tuotilo of St. Gallen. This opinion was
put forward by Lessing, but it had no foundation whatever beyond the
fact of Tuotilo's well-known versatility.
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