Corporal punishment
ceased. Instead there were fines, suspension, and expulsion.
Fellows of colleges had common rooms for drinking and smoking
together as they had done in taverns outside college walls. The
king had authority to grant licenses in sell or give land in
perpetuity, to encourage founding and augmenting colleges and
schools. The two universities were vested with the presentation of
benefices that had belonged to Papists.
English nonconformists such as Presbyterians were excluded from
Oxford and Cambridge Universities, so they were educated at
Glasgow in Scotland.
Grammar schools were blamed for the past civil war by educating
too many people above their station, so ecclesiastical control now
stifled them. A few dissenting schools were established. Charity
was given to schools for children of the poor for placement as
apprentices, but not to educate them above their stations.
In the 1670s, about 70% of males in London were literate. By 1680,
illiteracy was a special characteristic of the poor instead of a
characteristic of the vast majority of common people as in 1580.
Fountain pens came into use.
Many books written tended to be about the author's experiences,
for instance Samuel Pepys' "Diary", Gilbert Burnet's "History of
my own Times", John Evelyn's lifelong diary with vivid
descriptions of striking events of the day, and nonconformist
Celia Fiennes' description of her tour of England on horseback.
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