They endured stoically under this suffering.
Mary Fisher from Yorkshire introduced Quakerism to New England.
In 1653 there were separation agreements between spouses as to
property, e.g. support and maintenance.
Cromwell had bad experiences with Parliaments. The Rump Parliament
was a remnant of the Long Parliament. The army and then Cromwell,
although a member, came to believe that its members were self-
interested, preoccupied with perpetuating themselves in seats of
power, and corrupt. They thought that their own hopes of reform in
the law, in the church, and in public finances were being
deliberately frustrated. Cromwell came to doubt that it would ever
give the people adequate government and protection. He started to
believe that one man as chief executive could do this better.
Cromwell dismissed the Rump Parliament in 1653. A new constitution
created a Puritan "Parliament of Saints". These men were nominated
in various ways, such as by church parishes, and selected by
Cromwell. This one-house Parliament of Saints in 1653 made
Cromwell Lord Protector for life with executive power of the
state, with responsibility for making peace and establishing order
after a decade of civil strife and political chaos. He was to
administer the government and be the chief magistrate. It also
provided for triennial Parliaments (consisting of one house), and
religious freedom for all except Roman Catholics and adherents of
the formerly established Church of England.
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