This was the condition of matters when Mr. Cleveland came
into office March 4, 1885. The Revised Statutes, Sections
1767-1772, contained in substance the law as it was left by
the legislation of 1867 and 1869 (Sec. 1767): "Every person
holding any civil office to which he has been or hereafter
may be appointed by and with the consent of the Senate, and
who shall have become duly qualified to act therein, shall
be entitled to hold such office during the term for which
he was appointed, unless sooner removed by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate, or by the appointment, with the
like advice and consent, of a successor, in his place, except
as herein otherwise provided."
The President was however authorized to suspend civil officers
during the recess, except Judges, until the next session of
the Senate, and to designate a substitute who should discharge
the duties of the office, himself being subject to removal
by the designation of another.
The President was further required to nominate within thirty
days after the commencement of each session of the Senate
persons to fill all vacancies in office, which existed at
the meeting of the Senate, whether temporarily filled or not,
and in place of all officers suspended.
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